Classifying Galaxies Worksheet

📆 Updated: 1 Jan 1970
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In order to better understand the diverse and captivating world of galaxies, a classifying galaxies worksheet provides a valuable tool for students and astronomy enthusiasts. This worksheet effectively incorporates various entities and subjects related to galaxies, allowing individuals to expand their knowledge and categorization skills.



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What is galaxy classification based on?

Galaxy classification is primarily based on their shape and structure, determined by the overall appearance of the galaxy, the arrangement of stars within the galaxy, and its brightness and color. The most common classification system for galaxies is the Hubble sequence, which categorizes galaxies into elliptical, spiral, and irregular types based on their visual characteristics.

What are the three main types of galaxies?

The three main types of galaxies are spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies. Spiral galaxies are characterized by a flat, rotating disk with a central bulge and spiral arms. Elliptical galaxies have a smooth, oval or round shape and no distinct spiral arms. Irregular galaxies have a chaotic and asymmetrical shape with no well-defined structure.

How are elliptical galaxies described?

Elliptical galaxies are described as galaxies characterized by their smooth and featureless appearance, with a three-dimensional shape that ranges from nearly spherical to highly elongated ellipsoids. They are composed mainly of older stars and contain little interstellar gas and dust, leading to a lack of ongoing star formation. Elliptical galaxies are also typically more massive and larger in size compared to spiral galaxies.

What are the characteristics of spiral galaxies?

Spiral galaxies are characterized by their distinct spiral arm structures that extend from a central bulge. They often contain a large number of young stars, gas, and dust, contributing to ongoing star formation. Spiral galaxies typically have flat, rotating disks with older stars located in the central bulge region. They exhibit a wide range of sizes and masses, with some showing prominent bars in their central regions.

What distinguishes barred spiral galaxies from regular spirals?

Barred spiral galaxies are characterized by a central bar-shaped structure that extends through the core of the galaxy, while regular spiral galaxies do not possess this feature. This bar structure is formed from gravitational forces within the galaxy and can affect the overall shape and dynamics of the galaxy, such as how stars and gas move within it. Additionally, barred spiral galaxies often exhibit enhanced star formation and a different distribution of dust and gas compared to regular spiral galaxies.

How are irregular galaxies defined?

Irregular galaxies are defined as galaxies that do not have a regular or defined shape as seen in spiral or elliptical galaxies. They typically lack symmetry and structure, often appearing disordered and chaotic in shape. Irregular galaxies can contain large amounts of gas and dust, are commonly found in the outer regions of galaxy clusters, and may be undergoing interactions or merging with other galaxies.

What factors determine the classification of dwarf galaxies?

The classification of dwarf galaxies is mainly determined by their size, shape, composition, and environment. Factors such as their luminosity, mass, morphology (such as irregular or elliptical), as well as their proximity to larger galaxies play a significant role in categorizing dwarf galaxies. Additionally, their star formation history, chemical composition, and the presence of dark matter also contribute to their classification within the broader category of galaxies.

What are peculiar galaxies?

Peculiar galaxies are galaxies that exhibit unusual features or characteristics, such as distorted shapes, irregular or chaotic structures, or unusual interactions with other galaxies. These galaxies can result from gravitational interactions with neighboring galaxies, mergers with other galaxies, or other dynamic processes that create unique and intriguing visual appearances that set them apart from more typical galaxies.

How are active galaxies classified?

Active galaxies are classified into different types based on their observed characteristics, such as the presence of strong emission lines, the presence of a compact radio source, and the dominant source of emission, such as Seyfert galaxies, radio galaxies, quasars, or blazars. These classifications help astronomers understand the underlying physical processes and mechanisms powering the high-energy emissions from these galaxies.

What are the different classifications of galaxy clusters?

Galaxy clusters are classified into two main types: regular clusters, which have a spherical or elliptical shape and are concentrated around a central dominant galaxy, and irregular clusters, which have a more dispersed structure with no dominant central galaxy. Additionally, galaxy clusters can also be classified based on their richness, which refers to the number of member galaxies within the cluster, ranging from poor clusters with fewer member galaxies to rich clusters with a higher number of galaxies.

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